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We Could Have Been Heroes

FEATURE BY MAX NOBLE
06/08/2024

Try and fail? Never try, never fail? What price becoming an immortal?

Bend it like Beckham or miss like, well, all those that never made the team. Churchill noted that he and his war cabinet would have been in the dock at Nuremberg had they come second. History is generally written by the victor, or failing that the one who dies last.

So, to the fractions by which races are won or lost, heroes made or fools condemned. 42kg for a set of racing tyres, that being the best figure your scribe could find, being sans-rims. 1.5kg is 3.6% of this total weight. Then the total package. 798kg, sans-fuel. 1.5kg is 0.188% of this total figure. Umm. Common consent in the F1 universe (yes, I know, funny idea...) is that a set of tyres can wear down as much as 3kg over a long stint. With 3kg being 0.376% of 798kg. Not exactly the sort of numbers one sees when discussing panel gaps on a 1970's Jaguar. Back in the days when plus or minus 25% was more-or-less spot on.

So 1.5kg not on my car? An advantage of around 0.05 seconds per lap, or around 2.5 seconds over a full race distance. Is that useful? Well with the top speed reached around Spa being around 320 kph that 2.5 seconds adds up to being 223 metres down the road. That's well out of DRS range. So yes, these tiny numbers matter in F1.

Ronnie Peterson used to get his girlfriend to time him with a handheld clockwork stopwatch, a clipboard, paper and a pencil. As, no doubt, did many drivers. Colin Chapman used a mechanical stop watch. Given human reaction time is around 0.2 seconds (that's two tenths) and we now record F1 lap times to 0.XXX whereby each X is a tenth, then a hundredth and then a thousandth. Back in Ronnie's day "the closest half a second" was as good as it got. The timing machines of the day could not note the passing of a thousandth of a second.

So 2.5 seconds over 40 laps could not have been measured in Ronnie's day. Today we have a weight problem of 1.5kg being 0.188% of an error. Given an average lap time around 1 minute 48 seconds for Spa, being 108 seconds, a 0.188% error would be 0.2 seconds, or about 17.8 metres along the track at full racing speed. Let's call that around two car lengths. Ummm.

So 1.5kg might gift you two car lengths over a lap at Spa. A level of error and advantage that Ronnie and his racing mates could never measure. As such they didn't worry about it.

Yet now it is surprising that Sir Lewis has not removed all his body jewels for the simple fact that it is an instant weight loss, with an instant measurable gain on track. Short hair anyone?

Tonsils? Appendix? Second kidney? Ear lobes? Hundreds of grams going begging! No wonder they only place those half a kilo precision watches on their wrists after the race! (Yes, Rafa plays with his Richard Mille strapped to his wrist, but that's because he is a hero of a different kind).

Mercedes have post-race stated they think it was a combination of tyre wear, fluid loss (the car, not George - that's another story), and plank wear. Ah yes, the almighty plank of God!

To quote the FIA (puts on old blazer with elbow patches before placing cotton wool in cheeks...) and then intoning... The plank shall...

1. extend longitudinally from a point lying 330mm behind the front wheel centre line to the centre line of the rear wheels
2. be made from a homogeneous material
3. have a width of 300mm with a tolerance of +/- 2mm.
4. have a thickness of 10mm with a tolerance of +/- 0.2mm.
5. have a uniform thickness when new.
6. be fixed symmetrically about the centre line of the car in such a way that no air may pass between it and the surface formed by the parts lying on the reference plane.

Used to really be made of wood (Jabroc, being a high density laminate of beechwood) but in F1 is now a non-flammable fibreglass called permaglass. Of a 10mm thickness, within a 0.2mm tolerance. OK, that's somewhat precise is it not dear reader? How much wear does dear Aunty FIA allow? Just a measly 1mm. Umm. So 1mm of a fibreglass composite. Gee. That must weigh all of... OK, let's say one square metre at 1mm depth, which gives us around 305 grams for that square metre. So 10% of that is... 30 grams. Give or take.

Then we have around 1.8 litres of oil. Let's assume you can lose 40% of that before trouble hits. 0.4 times 1.8... that's 720 grams or around the mass of liquid in a pint and a half of lukewarm shandy.

So we add 720 grams of oil loss, 30 grams of plank loss and then we need to find another 750g of tyre wear loss. Given that the generally accepted view is one can lose 4kg of tyre mass over a racing stint it is perfectly reasonable to think George lost 750 grams of tyre matter. That's a modest 187.5g per tyre. A typical espresso coffee cup weighs around 125g empty. So add a dash of fresh hot caffeine and you've got your 187.5g.

Then he went really long... which could be another 750g. Let's recall that 1.5kg is a modest 0.188% of total car mass. A bee's dick of precision F1 could not have measured a couple of decades ago. What does history say?

Has anyone else ever messed this up? Well yes.

Michael Schumacher 1994 Belgian GP. He span at Pouhon. Big miss, lots of scars on the old plank. Yet it was judged he had worn down his plank over race distance, not in that one incident. Umm.

Then we have the 2023 United States GP. Both Sir Lewis and Charles Leclerc got tested and failed for excessive plank wear. So it is a thing. And Aunty FIA loves a simple metric she can measure, regardless of the logic. We can now measure it, so we will punish you for it.

Summary? George dared to win... and lost. It was by fractions. Fractions that could not be measured 50, 30 or 25 years ago. Yet now we measure them. Does this give us better racing?

He who dares wins? Or, he who does not test the envelope wins? Dear reader, which do we want? How special do we want our heroes? How enforced do we want our rules? Rework the rule to state "...a car must be within 1% of the allowed weight at race end?" That would give people a massive 7.98kg to play with, which given the current issue around 1.5kg sounds like a gap the size of the Grand Canyon.

On hot, hard races the anticipated driver fluid loss, aka sweating, is 3kg to 4kg. These guys are working hard in flame proof overalls with no air conditioning or massage seats. I've not seen drivers as tired after Spa since the Nigel Mansell "carry me direct to my grave" days of post-race exhaustion.

A pair of Ray Ban Aviator's weighs around 31g, while the classic Wayfarer is a bloated 45g. The legendary Omega Speedmaster is around 117g (model, glass, and bracelet dependant blah, blah...) So, 1.5kg is around 12 cups of (empty) espresso, 33 pairs of Wayfarers or a cheeky 12 Speedmasters, or for those of a simpler taste... the McDonalds Big Mac is a 220g beast. So George messed up by six Big Macs, or significantly less than the weight of your average Pitpass feline.

Did this weighty matter add to or subtract from the glory of the race? That, dear reader, depends on the level of pedant which lives in your head and your heart. Your humble scribe gets that rules need to be bounded and applied, but was this a measuring stick too far, or an obsession justly applied? George might want to keep an emergency Richard Mille (or two) in his race suit in future, you know, just in case.

Max Noble

Learn more about Max and check out his previous features, here

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1. Posted by Max Noble, 17/09/2024 4:08

"@Tony D - the plank ensures a minimum ride-height is maintained. Set the car too low, the plank wears and you’re in trouble. The minimum ride height is enforced to limit how much ground-effect can be generated by the airflow under the car.

"

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2. Posted by Tony D, 22/08/2024 0:28

"At the risk of sounding like a moron, I ask, what exactly is the plank there for, aside from making cool looking sparks at poorly maintained Arabian track night races? I would hope it has some sort of function, but in 20 years, I’ve never heard it explained. I would hate to think Sr. George got DQed for a useless “dummy stick”. "

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3. Posted by Max Noble, 16/08/2024 8:30

"@Superbird70 - In Raygun’s defence she was trying to channel a different approach, and by “not world top three” standards did an “OK” job. The men’s 100M final this year was a lesson in what eight humans at the top of their game looks like. Breaking was a lesson in what a “diverse, and diffuse” field looks like.

Meanwhile Liberty Media continue to be the, ah, “Statue of Liberty in the sand, Planet of the Apes, we are doomed” moment for sport. It was all beautiful and perfect until it wasn’t….

Let’s see Alonso get a well deserved 3rd Driver’s championship, and then we can all retreat to watching endless reruns of Le Mans, and Grand-prix, and forget anything else from the 21st century…
"

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4. Posted by Superbird70, 12/08/2024 16:13

"Liberty is pretty much the Raygun equivalent of motorsport management. "

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5. Posted by Max Noble, 12/08/2024 5:57

"@spindoctor - Ah! That late 20th century classic the “Max’n’Bernie Show” - Ren and Stimpy, Rick and Morty, or more Tom and Jerry? …yet they still cared about the sport. I’m not sure how many of the “Purple Circle” executive level of Liberty Media have been axle grease up to the elbows into any form corner of F1… Yet like the glory of the Olympics which just passed… if that’s the best humans can do… thank you we will take it.

So as F1 edges to the WWE of motorsport let’s enjoy the last aspects human achievement as they are presented!
"

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6. Posted by Spindoctor, 11/08/2024 7:51

"@Max Noble
A chestnut indeed. I doubt that Liberty of FIA have any intention of simplifying\rationalising or making consistent any of the increasingly complex web of requirements, definitions & specifications relating to F1.

There is a tension, if not a contradiction (warning! chestnut alert) between the Sport & the financial Asset which F1 has become. This is nothing new. The Max 'n Bernie show was very much about maximising the "shareholder value" of the asset. The Sporting & Technical Regulations were regularly tweaked & frequently invoked in order to secure the "right" outcomes.

Perhaps it's just glorious hindsight & my ageing rose-tinted specs, but although theirs was a fairly cynical operation, there was still a nod to F1 as a Sport. That nod has become more of a "wink" under the new Management.
This isn't a 'conspiracy' theory, just the reality of how Media Assets are managed today. Sir Lewis' 'victory' was a much better 'story' than young George winning & lo, it came to pass that buried in the regs is a pretext to make it so....As F1 increasingly integrates with other Media, it is migrating towards a more WWE format, where the Racing is merely the peg on which they hang the rest of the money-making periphery."

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7. Posted by Max Noble, 10/08/2024 8:42

"@Apexing - best I can discover is “…between 1Kg, and 3Kg of marbles/gravel…” So yes, it would add to the tally, and *not* doing it when you are really pushing the limit as George was, could be a major factor. I remember the days when they would crunch back into Parc ferme with gravel all over them, having been told by the pit wall not to forget to do it on the cool down lap! So they have been pushing the limit for a long time. Funny how the FIA do not see this as cheating… Personally I’d weigh the cars without tyres, or rims, pre and post race, and have a seperate protocol for tyres and rims. Then all this “pick up debris” bananas would go away…

@dejan - fully agree! I’m pondering what the allowed error margin is. Quality general digital scales these days promise to be within 50g of the correct weight being measured. Quality cooking digital scales promise +/- 5g. Yet the kitchen scales only measure up to, at most, 5Kg. So accurate to within 0.1%. 50G for scales with a “full scale deflection” of 150Kg is around 0.04%. So with 1.5KG being 0.19% of a 798Kg race car one would want scales accurate to at least double this precision. I.e. 0.019% accuracy. Or around +/- 150g. That’s a darn accurate set of scales! I’m curious to know how the scales are calibrated, and what the teams use to weigh everything! I’m sure they are expensive…!
"

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8. Posted by dejan, 09/08/2024 14:40

"Given the competitive nature of the teams they'd already factor the margin in the metrics that they internally measure so I don't think it would change much going forward - if the weight was specified as 800kg +/-20kg, all of the teams would try to hit 780kg as close as possible so we'd most probably be in the exact same situation."

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9. Posted by Apexing, 07/08/2024 15:42

"@Max, since we're now pondering (and measuring) the imponderables, do we know how much weight on average is picked up by driving over the marbles after a race? I'm sure the teams have a basic idea as to how much weight to shed (or, how much lightness to add if you're a Lotus fan) and still be able to make the weigh-in once the race is over. "

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10. Posted by Chester, 07/08/2024 10:25

"Amen! George dared to win says it all. I find the disqualification at Spa, which I have to agree with, one of the most disappointing instances in my 35+ years of watching."

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11. Posted by Max Noble, 07/08/2024 8:32

"@ChickenFarmerF1 - Agree. I’m more considering the fine margins within F1, and how tight the pack is between on the podium, and then 4th to 10th. Not unlike the recent Olympics men’s 100M final - that would have been a three, or four, way tie dead-heat 25 years! I’m curious as to the calibration allowance the FIA make. I’m guessing you need to be within, say, 10g of the target weight, to allow for calibration and measurement errors. We are at the point where how dirty the car is, or how much paint/carbon fibre has been lost will impact the result.

@RP - indeed! I elected to keep the focus on the technical (i.e. car) aspects. You’re correct that the minimum weight of teh driver is 80Kg. That’s why they all get weighted with their HANS device, and helmet prior to gulping down 2 litres of Powerade (or redbull…). Unlike the car being under weight, when ballast can be shifted around for balance, if the driver is under weight, the ballast has to be around the cockpit at the same height as the driver, so no advantage is conferred. Looking at how exhausted George was (they all were), and how quiet they were in the “cooldown room” I can fully beleive he lost a significant amount of body fluid, and that would only add to the underweight problem.

@Spindoctor - An old PitPass chestnut! Yes indeed, make the rules less prescriptive and allow innovation back into the sport! You never know…! :-)


"

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12. Posted by Spindoctor, 06/08/2024 21:30

"I agree with your notion of adding a bit more margin to some of the rules. Whereas a few mm of wing flex might be worth .5sec per lap, the odd kilo is less effective & that plank is just silly.... The problem though is that teams would simply factor the range into their setup & pare down to the lowest end of it.

Ultimately the rules need overall to be less prescriptive."

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13. Posted by RP, 06/08/2024 20:33

"You didn't mention the driver weight. Minimum of 80 kg (176.37 lbs) and it seems, they're weighed after the race. So, the best bet is to get lightweight drivers and put the ballast somewhere advantageous but the car still has it's minimum, correct? I consider the driver's are very good when the first ten cars in qualifying are less than a second apart. And, the Red Bull is considered, by far, the best car with the best driver. That's cutting things close. When a kg of fuel or anything else makes a measurable difference in lap times, there's still a lot to the driver. In the old days, Stirling Moss or Jackie Stuart could bring clearly lesser cars (Lotus at times) with less power and the driver makes the difference. The driver still does but, no one, not Lewis, not Max, not Fernando is going to bring a Williams or Sauber or Haas to the podium. So, I guess it's ok. I recall Stirling Moss had a Ferrari GT (GT car no less) in the lead at LeMans. Moss was special.
Today's drivers are no different, the cars require a different touch and feel. Bottom line - when so little weight can make a measurable difference, tolerances must be low.
"

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14. Posted by ChickenFarmerF1, 06/08/2024 14:58

"I get the point. That said, there is a minimum weight for a reason. All teams try to play it close to the line. Merc just played it too close. Most teams try to be a couple kg over the minimum weight just to hedge on such issues as excessive tire wear, oil consumption, etc.

It's like the line from the original F&F. Doesn't matter if it's by an inch or a mile. Winning is winning.

Same with weight. Doesn't matter if you're under by a gram or a tonne. Under is under."

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